What is gerontology?

Gerontology is indeed defined as the study of aging and the various challenges that older adults face. This multidisciplinary field encompasses the biological, psychological, social, and economic aspects of aging. As societies experience demographic shifts with an increasing older population, understanding gerontology becomes crucial in addressing issues such as age-related health problems, social isolation, and the need for supportive healthcare services.

In contrast, the other options pertain to different areas of study. For instance, the branch of psychology focused on childhood development does not address the aging process but rather the growth and changes during early life stages. Similarly, a field of medicine that deals with chronic diseases focuses on health issues typically seen in individuals of all ages rather than specifically addressing the complexities of aging. Finally, the study of youth and adolescence centers around younger populations and their developmental stages, leaving out the vital considerations associated with aging adults. Thus, option A accurately portrays the essence and scope of gerontology.